关键词:
来源:周说 2017-05-23 14:43:06
作者:周志兴
最近,一名中国留学生在美国马里兰大学的毕业演讲中说到来美国留学的原因,是因为这里的空气“甘甜清新”(The air was so sweet and fresh),让她“感受到自由”,以及演讲中谈及公民权利和言论自由等问题在网络上引起轩然大波,有些在美华人留学生和中国网友认为她发表的是辱华言论。目前,这件事引起的争议还在发酵。
5月21日,美国马里兰大学的毕业典礼上,中国留学生杨舒平做为本科毕业生代表做毕业演讲
我有两个担心。
一个担心是今后的中文写作会非常枯燥,因为任何比喻都会和事实不符,都会引起大规模的批判。
当然,我这两个担心和马里兰大学那边杨姓学生的讲话的对错无关,她的讲话是对是错,或者是有对的成分有错的成分,这里不讨论。因为任何时候都会有关于对错的争论存在,关键是看我们怎么看,站在哪个角度去看和什么时候去看。
但是这两个东西,确实令我担心。一个是中文写作的比兴手法还能不能用,这位同学说了一句觉得美国的空气是甜的,引发了很多的批判。其实,甜的这个概念用在这里,是形容空气质量确实好,这是中文修辞的办法,如同说我们的生活很甜。如果中文修辞的办法都要用实际来衡量,都说成是不实事求是,那以后文章就没法写了。
过去,好像有古人说过,“燕山有雪大如席”,还有“挽断白发三千丈”一说,这样的修辞其实都不是实事求是,都可以批判。我们的前辈怎么看:假如说岭南有雪大如席,肯定是谣言,因为那里根本不下雪,但是燕山有雪大如席,这就是一种夸张的修辞,因为确实下雪。白发三千丈,实际上是有白发在。
这么说起来,如果说“空气是甜的”这样的话都不能说的话,那么,以后,谁还敢用这样的修辞呢?中文的写作,特别是文学创作都变成了理论文章。这是一个担心。
第二个担心是这位杨姓同学还能够回来吗?如果说她因为说了些政治不正确的话,在国内遭到了人肉,遭到了铺天盖地的批判的话,那么她会怎么想?真的认错还是引发抵触。两种可能都有,如果是后者,她还愿意不愿意回来,这也是个问题。
不但是她的问题,而且还会影响她周围同学。
事实上,这也从另外一个方面印证了她所讲的问题,就是说言·论·自·由在美国和中国是有不同的。
如果她因为这个演讲就被人肉,隐私全部被抖搂出来?那么她会有什么样的想法呢?她的同学们会有什么样的想法呢?
演讲引起争议后,杨同学在微博的回应
所以我有这样两个担心。
当然我并不赞成杨姓同学讲的很多的内容,但是一个年轻的学生,还处在很幼稚的阶段。在我看来,她是用她的比较矫情的语言来表达她的思想,我觉得也是可以理解,毕竟走弯路是年轻人的权利。我们可以教育她,可以引导她,但是不能够用这样的方法把她一棒子打死,她还年轻,还有很多的路要走。
换一个角度说,我们很多人的孩子也都处在这个年纪,也都要有很多的路要走,理解和宽容对他们是必须的,而且,力量并不小于狂风暴雨似的批判。
这是我第一次用有道云笔记的语音功能写的文章,试验新事物,感觉有点甜。
附
以下是杨同学演讲的全文(含中文翻译):
Good afternoon ,faculty students parents and friends.
教职员工们,同学们,家长们,朋友们,下午好。
I am truly honored and grateful to speak at the commencement for the University of Maryland, Class of 2017.
非常荣幸能在马里兰大学2017届毕业典礼上演讲。
People often ask me: Why did you come to the University of Maryland?
人们经常问我:你为什么来马里兰大学?
I always answer: Fresh air.
我总是回答:清新的空气。
Five years ago, as I step off the plane from China, and left the terminal at Dallas Airport. I was ready to put on one of my five face masks, but when I took my first breath of American air. I put my mask away.
五年前,从中国来的时候,我准备了5个口罩。从飞机上下来,离开达拉斯机场候机楼时,我正准备戴上口罩时,吸入了第一口美国的空气,然后我将口罩收了起来。
The air was so sweet and fresh, and oddly luxurious.
这里的空气是那么的甘甜清新,显得格外的奢侈。
I was surprised by this. I grew up in a city in China, where I had to wear a face mask every time I went outside, otherwise, I might get sick.
我深感意外。我在中国的一个城市长大,从小出门都得戴口罩,否则就会生病。
However, the moment I inhaled and exhaled outside the airport.
然而,在机场呼吸到这里空气的那一刻。
I felt free.
我感受到了自由。
No more fog on my glasses, no more difficult breathing, no more suppression.
我的眼睛上不再有雾,呼吸不再困难,也没有了压抑。
Every breath was a delight. As I stand here today, I cannot help, but recall that feeling of freedom.
每一口呼吸都是愉悦的。今天我站在这里,仍然忍不住回想起那种自由的感觉。
At the University of Maryland, I assume feel another kind of fresh air for which I will be forever grateful — the fresh air of free speech.
在马里兰大学,另一种清新的空气也令我感怀不已——言论自由的空气。
Before I came to United States, I learned in history class about the Declaration of Independence, but these words had no meaning to me— Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of happiness.
来美国之前,我在历史课上学到了独立宣言,但“生命、自由和追寻幸福”这些词句对我而言毫无意义。
I was merely memorizing the words to get good grades.
我仅仅是背下这些词句以期在考试中取得好成绩。
These words sounded so strange, so abstract and so foreign to me, until I came to University of Maryland.
这些词句显得那么古怪,那么抽象,那么陌生,直到我来到马里兰大学。
I have leaned the right to freely express oneself is sacred in American.
我终于明白,言论自由在美国是多么神圣。
Each day in Maryland, I was encouraged to express my opinions on controversial issues.
在马里兰的每一天,我都被鼓励着在争议问题上表达自己的观点。
I could challenge a statement made by my instructor. I could even rate my professors online.
我可以质疑自己导师的观点。我甚至可以在网上给我的教授们打分。
But nothing prepared me for the culture shock I experienced when I watched a university production of the play— Twilight: Los Angeles.
但最让我震惊的是,当我看到话剧《暮光:洛杉矶》带来的文化冲击。
Twilight is a play by Anna Deavere Smith about the 1992 Los Angeles Riots.
《暮光》是Anna Deavere Smith导演的一个关于1992年洛杉矶骚乱的话剧。
The riots followed acquittal of four Los Angeles police officers in the videotaped arrest and beating of Rodney King.
四名洛杉矶警察被拍下殴打并逮捕Rodney King,却被宣判无罪。骚乱随后开始了。
For six days, the city was in chaos as citizens took to the streets.
整整六天,人们走上街头,城市一片混乱。
In Twilight, the student actors were openly talking about racism, sexism and politics.
在《暮光》中,学生演员们公开谈论种族主义,性别歧视以及政治问题。
I was shocked, I never saw such topic could be discussed openly.
我震惊了,我从来没见过这样的话题可以公开讨论。
The play was my first taste of political storytelling, one that makes the audience think critically.
那个话剧是我第一次接触到政治叙述故事,一个可以让观众批判性思考的政治叙述故事。
I have always had a burning desire to tell these kinds of stories, but I was convinced that only authorities on the narrative, only authorities could define the truth.
我一直有强烈的愿望想讲这类故事,但我曾深信只有权威部门才能讲述这些故事,只有权威部门才能定义真相。
However, the opportunity to immerse myself in the diverse community at the University of Maryland exposed me to various, many different perspectives on truth.
然而,在马里兰大学融入到不同社区的机会让我接触到了许多不同角度的真相。
I soon realized that here I have the opportunity to speak freely.
很快,我意识到在这里我有机会可以自由地说。
My voice matters.
我的话是价值的。
Your voice matters.
你的话也有价值。
Our voices matter.
我们所有人的话都是有价值的。
Civil engagement is not a task just for politicians. I have witnessed this when I saw my fellow students marching in Washington DC, voting in the presidential election and raising money for support various causes.
公·民参与不仅仅是政治家的任务。我的同学们走上华盛顿街头,在总统选举中投票,为多种不同的事业募集资金。我见证了这一切。
I have seen that everyone has a right to participate and advocate for change.
我见识到每一个人都有权利参与并为变革发声。
I used to believe that one individual participation could not make a difference, but here we are, United Terps.
我曾经认为一个人的力量杯水车薪。但是我们团结在这里。
Together, we can push our society to be more just open and peaceful.
我们团结在一起,就能推动社会变得更加开放和平。
Class of 2017, we are graduating from a university that embraces a liberal arts education that nurtures us to think critically, and also to care and feel for humanity.
2017届的同学们,我们正从一个通过人文教育鼓励我们批判性思考又不忘感受人性的大学毕业。
We are equipped with the knowledge of various disciplines and we are ready to face to the challenges of our society.
我们拥有不同学科的知识,我们做好准备去面对社会的挑战了。
Some of us may go to graduate school, some us may step into professions and some of us may begin a journey of exploration.
我们中的有些人可能会继续读研究生,有的人可能参与工作,有的人可能开始一段探索的旅程。
But no matter what we do, remember, democracy and free speech should not be taken for granted.
但不管我们做什么,请记住,民主和自由言论来之不易。
Democracy and freedom are the fresh air that is worth fighting for.
民·主和自·由是值得为之奋斗的清新空气。
Freedom is oxygen. Freedom is passion. Freedom is love.
自由是氧气,自由是激情,自由是爱。
And as a French philosopher Jean Paul Sartre once said: freedom is a choice, our future is dependent on the choices we make today and tomorrow.
正如法国哲学家让-保罗·萨特所说,自由是一种选择,我们的未来取决于我们今天和明天所做的决定。
We are all playwrights of the next chapters of our lives. Together, we right the human history.
我们是人生下个章节的作者。让我们一起,来书写人类历史。
My friends, enjoy the fresh air and never let it go.
我的朋友们,享受这清新的空气吧,不要让它消失。
Thank you.
谢谢。
关键词:
来源:周说 2017-05-23 14:43:06
作者:周志兴
最近,一名中国留学生在美国马里兰大学的毕业演讲中说到来美国留学的原因,是因为这里的空气“甘甜清新”(The air was so sweet and fresh),让她“感受到自由”,以及演讲中谈及公民权利和言论自由等问题在网络上引起轩然大波,有些在美华人留学生和中国网友认为她发表的是辱华言论。目前,这件事引起的争议还在发酵。
5月21日,美国马里兰大学的毕业典礼上,中国留学生杨舒平做为本科毕业生代表做毕业演讲
我有两个担心。
一个担心是今后的中文写作会非常枯燥,因为任何比喻都会和事实不符,都会引起大规模的批判。
当然,我这两个担心和马里兰大学那边杨姓学生的讲话的对错无关,她的讲话是对是错,或者是有对的成分有错的成分,这里不讨论。因为任何时候都会有关于对错的争论存在,关键是看我们怎么看,站在哪个角度去看和什么时候去看。
但是这两个东西,确实令我担心。一个是中文写作的比兴手法还能不能用,这位同学说了一句觉得美国的空气是甜的,引发了很多的批判。其实,甜的这个概念用在这里,是形容空气质量确实好,这是中文修辞的办法,如同说我们的生活很甜。如果中文修辞的办法都要用实际来衡量,都说成是不实事求是,那以后文章就没法写了。
过去,好像有古人说过,“燕山有雪大如席”,还有“挽断白发三千丈”一说,这样的修辞其实都不是实事求是,都可以批判。我们的前辈怎么看:假如说岭南有雪大如席,肯定是谣言,因为那里根本不下雪,但是燕山有雪大如席,这就是一种夸张的修辞,因为确实下雪。白发三千丈,实际上是有白发在。
这么说起来,如果说“空气是甜的”这样的话都不能说的话,那么,以后,谁还敢用这样的修辞呢?中文的写作,特别是文学创作都变成了理论文章。这是一个担心。
第二个担心是这位杨姓同学还能够回来吗?如果说她因为说了些政治不正确的话,在国内遭到了人肉,遭到了铺天盖地的批判的话,那么她会怎么想?真的认错还是引发抵触。两种可能都有,如果是后者,她还愿意不愿意回来,这也是个问题。
不但是她的问题,而且还会影响她周围同学。
事实上,这也从另外一个方面印证了她所讲的问题,就是说言·论·自·由在美国和中国是有不同的。
如果她因为这个演讲就被人肉,隐私全部被抖搂出来?那么她会有什么样的想法呢?她的同学们会有什么样的想法呢?
演讲引起争议后,杨同学在微博的回应
所以我有这样两个担心。
当然我并不赞成杨姓同学讲的很多的内容,但是一个年轻的学生,还处在很幼稚的阶段。在我看来,她是用她的比较矫情的语言来表达她的思想,我觉得也是可以理解,毕竟走弯路是年轻人的权利。我们可以教育她,可以引导她,但是不能够用这样的方法把她一棒子打死,她还年轻,还有很多的路要走。
换一个角度说,我们很多人的孩子也都处在这个年纪,也都要有很多的路要走,理解和宽容对他们是必须的,而且,力量并不小于狂风暴雨似的批判。
这是我第一次用有道云笔记的语音功能写的文章,试验新事物,感觉有点甜。
附
以下是杨同学演讲的全文(含中文翻译):
Good afternoon ,faculty students parents and friends.
教职员工们,同学们,家长们,朋友们,下午好。
I am truly honored and grateful to speak at the commencement for the University of Maryland, Class of 2017.
非常荣幸能在马里兰大学2017届毕业典礼上演讲。
People often ask me: Why did you come to the University of Maryland?
人们经常问我:你为什么来马里兰大学?
I always answer: Fresh air.
我总是回答:清新的空气。
Five years ago, as I step off the plane from China, and left the terminal at Dallas Airport. I was ready to put on one of my five face masks, but when I took my first breath of American air. I put my mask away.
五年前,从中国来的时候,我准备了5个口罩。从飞机上下来,离开达拉斯机场候机楼时,我正准备戴上口罩时,吸入了第一口美国的空气,然后我将口罩收了起来。
The air was so sweet and fresh, and oddly luxurious.
这里的空气是那么的甘甜清新,显得格外的奢侈。
I was surprised by this. I grew up in a city in China, where I had to wear a face mask every time I went outside, otherwise, I might get sick.
我深感意外。我在中国的一个城市长大,从小出门都得戴口罩,否则就会生病。
However, the moment I inhaled and exhaled outside the airport.
然而,在机场呼吸到这里空气的那一刻。
I felt free.
我感受到了自由。
No more fog on my glasses, no more difficult breathing, no more suppression.
我的眼睛上不再有雾,呼吸不再困难,也没有了压抑。
Every breath was a delight. As I stand here today, I cannot help, but recall that feeling of freedom.
每一口呼吸都是愉悦的。今天我站在这里,仍然忍不住回想起那种自由的感觉。
At the University of Maryland, I assume feel another kind of fresh air for which I will be forever grateful — the fresh air of free speech.
在马里兰大学,另一种清新的空气也令我感怀不已——言论自由的空气。
Before I came to United States, I learned in history class about the Declaration of Independence, but these words had no meaning to me— Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of happiness.
来美国之前,我在历史课上学到了独立宣言,但“生命、自由和追寻幸福”这些词句对我而言毫无意义。
I was merely memorizing the words to get good grades.
我仅仅是背下这些词句以期在考试中取得好成绩。
These words sounded so strange, so abstract and so foreign to me, until I came to University of Maryland.
这些词句显得那么古怪,那么抽象,那么陌生,直到我来到马里兰大学。
I have leaned the right to freely express oneself is sacred in American.
我终于明白,言论自由在美国是多么神圣。
Each day in Maryland, I was encouraged to express my opinions on controversial issues.
在马里兰的每一天,我都被鼓励着在争议问题上表达自己的观点。
I could challenge a statement made by my instructor. I could even rate my professors online.
我可以质疑自己导师的观点。我甚至可以在网上给我的教授们打分。
But nothing prepared me for the culture shock I experienced when I watched a university production of the play— Twilight: Los Angeles.
但最让我震惊的是,当我看到话剧《暮光:洛杉矶》带来的文化冲击。
Twilight is a play by Anna Deavere Smith about the 1992 Los Angeles Riots.
《暮光》是Anna Deavere Smith导演的一个关于1992年洛杉矶骚乱的话剧。
The riots followed acquittal of four Los Angeles police officers in the videotaped arrest and beating of Rodney King.
四名洛杉矶警察被拍下殴打并逮捕Rodney King,却被宣判无罪。骚乱随后开始了。
For six days, the city was in chaos as citizens took to the streets.
整整六天,人们走上街头,城市一片混乱。
In Twilight, the student actors were openly talking about racism, sexism and politics.
在《暮光》中,学生演员们公开谈论种族主义,性别歧视以及政治问题。
I was shocked, I never saw such topic could be discussed openly.
我震惊了,我从来没见过这样的话题可以公开讨论。
The play was my first taste of political storytelling, one that makes the audience think critically.
那个话剧是我第一次接触到政治叙述故事,一个可以让观众批判性思考的政治叙述故事。
I have always had a burning desire to tell these kinds of stories, but I was convinced that only authorities on the narrative, only authorities could define the truth.
我一直有强烈的愿望想讲这类故事,但我曾深信只有权威部门才能讲述这些故事,只有权威部门才能定义真相。
However, the opportunity to immerse myself in the diverse community at the University of Maryland exposed me to various, many different perspectives on truth.
然而,在马里兰大学融入到不同社区的机会让我接触到了许多不同角度的真相。
I soon realized that here I have the opportunity to speak freely.
很快,我意识到在这里我有机会可以自由地说。
My voice matters.
我的话是价值的。
Your voice matters.
你的话也有价值。
Our voices matter.
我们所有人的话都是有价值的。
Civil engagement is not a task just for politicians. I have witnessed this when I saw my fellow students marching in Washington DC, voting in the presidential election and raising money for support various causes.
公·民参与不仅仅是政治家的任务。我的同学们走上华盛顿街头,在总统选举中投票,为多种不同的事业募集资金。我见证了这一切。
I have seen that everyone has a right to participate and advocate for change.
我见识到每一个人都有权利参与并为变革发声。
I used to believe that one individual participation could not make a difference, but here we are, United Terps.
我曾经认为一个人的力量杯水车薪。但是我们团结在这里。
Together, we can push our society to be more just open and peaceful.
我们团结在一起,就能推动社会变得更加开放和平。
Class of 2017, we are graduating from a university that embraces a liberal arts education that nurtures us to think critically, and also to care and feel for humanity.
2017届的同学们,我们正从一个通过人文教育鼓励我们批判性思考又不忘感受人性的大学毕业。
We are equipped with the knowledge of various disciplines and we are ready to face to the challenges of our society.
我们拥有不同学科的知识,我们做好准备去面对社会的挑战了。
Some of us may go to graduate school, some us may step into professions and some of us may begin a journey of exploration.
我们中的有些人可能会继续读研究生,有的人可能参与工作,有的人可能开始一段探索的旅程。
But no matter what we do, remember, democracy and free speech should not be taken for granted.
但不管我们做什么,请记住,民主和自由言论来之不易。
Democracy and freedom are the fresh air that is worth fighting for.
民·主和自·由是值得为之奋斗的清新空气。
Freedom is oxygen. Freedom is passion. Freedom is love.
自由是氧气,自由是激情,自由是爱。
And as a French philosopher Jean Paul Sartre once said: freedom is a choice, our future is dependent on the choices we make today and tomorrow.
正如法国哲学家让-保罗·萨特所说,自由是一种选择,我们的未来取决于我们今天和明天所做的决定。
We are all playwrights of the next chapters of our lives. Together, we right the human history.
我们是人生下个章节的作者。让我们一起,来书写人类历史。
My friends, enjoy the fresh air and never let it go.
我的朋友们,享受这清新的空气吧,不要让它消失。
Thank you.
谢谢。